![]() An antigen is a molecular shape that reacts with antigen receptors on lymphocytes to initiate an adaptive immune response.PAMPs associated with the Gram-positive cell wall include peptidoglycan monomers, teichoic acids, lipoteichoic acids, and mannose-rich sugar chains.Inflammation is the means by which the body delivers defense cells and defense molecules to an infection site,however, excessive inflammation can be harmful and even deadly to the body.PAMPs bind to Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) on defense cells to trigger the production of inflammatory cytokines. The body activates innate immunity by recognizing molecules unique to microorganisms that are not associated with human cells called pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs. ![]()
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